Reciprocating petrol engines use the chemical energy of
burning petrol to push one or more pistons. The motion of the pistons can then
converted into rotary (circulation)
motion, which can be used to turn the wheels of a car or to do some other kind
of work. Petrol engines and steam engines are called heat engines because they
convert heat energy into mechanical work. Reciprocating petrol engines are
called internal-combustion engines if the gases produced by the combustion
(burning) of the fuel push directly against the pistons.
The steam engine is external combustion engine.
External-combustion engines get their energy from heat that is produced outside
the engine. In a piston steam engine, for example, heat generated outside the
engine is transferred to water inside a boiler. The heat converts the water to
steam, which then pushes the engine’s pistons.
In hydraulic engines, water pressure is used to produce
mechanical work. The pressure may be created by a pump or by water flowing
downward from a level above the engine.
Engine analyser is an instrument used to determine the
performance of parts of petrol and diesel engines. An engines analyser attaches
directly to the engine. Mechanics and car owners use such analysers to help
adjust engine parts.
Engine analysers range in design from simple models, which
monitor a few engine functions, to complex computerized models. Engine
analysers consist of a number of devices, such as an oscilloscope and a
chometer. An oscilloscope evaluates the ignition system. A tachometer, or
revolution counter, assists in adjusting idle speed.
Most cars produced today include an internal computer that
controls and monitors the engine. A computerized engine analyser can be
connected to this computer and can obtain detail information about the engine’s
condition from it. Most computerized engine analysers include such parts as a
keyboard, display screen and printer.
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